Avalanches are sliding or falling snow masses. They are caused by instabilities in the snowpack. Avalanches occur mostly in steep terrain. The formation of avalanches is facilitated by heavy snowfall, strong wind or a significant rise in temperature. Avalanches can be released naturally (without human intervention) or by people. In 90 percent of cases, avalanches are triggered by the victims. In settlements and on transportation routes, the local authorities ensure the safety of the population. Those who engage in winter sports beyond the boundaries of marked and open pistes, or cross-country ski or hiking trails, are responsible for their own safety.
When there is a moderate or higher danger of dry-snow avalanches (starting from level 2), the SLF subdivides the points on the European avalanche danger scale. These subdivisions indicate whether the danger is estimated to be towards the bottom end (-), more or less in the middle (=) or towards the top end (+) of the forecast level.
No warning signs present. Avalanches can only be triggered in isolated cases, in particular on extremely steep slopes.
Travel extremely steep slopes one person at a time and be alert to the danger of falling.
No danger.
Warning signs can occur in isolated cases. Avalanches can be triggered in particular on very steep slopes with the aspect and elevation indicated in the avalanche bulletin. Large natural avalanches are unlikely.
Routes should be selected carefully, especially on slopes with the aspect and elevation indicated in the avalanche bulletin. Travel very steep slopes one person at a time. Pay attention to unfavourable snowpack structure (persistent weak layers, old snow problem).
Very little danger.
Whumpf sounds and shooting cracks are typical. Avalanches can easily be triggered, particularly on steep slopes with the aspect and elevation indicated in the avalanche bulletin. Natural avalanches and re-mote triggering can occur.
The most critical situation for backcountry recreationists. Select best possible route and take action to reduce risks. Avoid very steep slopes with the aspect and elevation indicated in the avalanche bulletin. Unexperienced persons are advised to remain on open ski runs and trails.
In individual cases exposed objects (mostly sections of transportation routes) can be endangered. Here, consideration should be given to taking safety measures.
Natural and often very large avalanches are likely. Avalanches can easily be triggered on many steep slopes. Remote triggering is typical. Whumpf sounds and shooting cracks occur frequently.
Stay on moderately steep terrain. Heed runout zones of very large avalanches. Unexperienced persons should remain on open ski runs and trails.
Avalanches can travel large distances, in particular within familiar paths. Exposed objects (mostly sections of transportation routes, but in isolated cases also buildings) can be endangered. Consider taking safety measures.
Numerous very large and extremely large natural avalanches can be expected. These can reach roads and settlements in the valley.
You are advised not to engage in winter sports beyond open ski runs and trails. Respect closures.
Avalanches can travel large distances, including beyond the extent of familiar paths. Transportation routes and settlements can be seriously endangered. Extensive safety measures are usually required.